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Company incorporation, compliance calendars, shareholder rights, ESOPs, contracts, funding paperwork, FEMA and corporate governance essentials.
Who should use this
Founders, directors and CFOs managing compliance and business transactions.
What you get
Practical checkpoints for company law compliance and investor readiness.
Outcome
Build compliant, investor-ready business operations in India.
Quick filters
In India, the common types of business entities include Sole Proprietorship, Partnership Firm, Limited Liability Partnership (LLP), Private Limited Company, Public Limited Company, and One Person Company (OPC). Each has unique legal, tax, and compliance requirements under Indian business laws.
To register a Private Limited Company in India, you must obtain DSCs (Digital Signature Certificates), DINs (Director Identification Numbers), reserve the company name on MCA's RUN portal, and file incorporation forms like SPICe+ along with MOA, AOA, and registered office proof through the Ministry of Corporate Affairs portal.
The Registrar of Companies (ROC) is a government authority under the Ministry of Corporate Affairs responsible for company registration, maintaining company records, and ensuring legal compliance under the Companies Act, 2013. ROC also handles annual filings, investigations, and penalties for non-compliance.
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines a company’s scope, objectives, and powers. It defines the company’s relationship with shareholders and is a key requirement for company incorporation. Any act beyond the MOA can be considered ultra vires and void.
Articles of Association (AOA) define the internal rules and regulations of a company. It governs procedures related to meetings, shares, voting, directors’ roles, and other operational aspects. AOA must comply with the Companies Act and align with the MOA.
Any individual aged 18 years or above, of sound mind, and not disqualified under Section 164 of the Companies Act, 2013, can become a director. Both Indian nationals and foreign nationals are eligible, but at least one director must be a resident of India.
Director Identification Number (DIN) is a unique identification number allotted by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs to a person intending to become a director. It must be obtained before appointment and is used in all MCA filings related to that director.
Annual compliances for a Private Limited Company include conducting AGM, filing AOC-4 (financial statements), MGT-7 (annual return), income tax return (ITR), maintaining statutory registers, auditor appointment, and ROC filing. Non-compliance attracts penalties.
LLP (Limited Liability Partnership) is a hybrid structure offering limited liability like a company and operational flexibility of a partnership. LLPs are governed under the LLP Act, 2008, have fewer compliance requirements, and are more suitable for small businesses and professionals.
An OPC is a type of company that allows a single individual to operate a corporate entity with limited liability. It was introduced to promote entrepreneurship under the Companies Act, 2013, and is ideal for solo founders who want to enjoy the benefits of a private company.